JavaScript Introduction
Subject: JavaScript
JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted scripting language used to add interactivity and dynamic behavior to websites. It was initially developed for browsers, but today, it powers everything from client-side scripts to full-stack web applications and even mobile and desktop apps.
What Is JavaScript?
JavaScript is one of the three core technologies of the web:
- HTML defines the structure of a webpage
 - CSS defines the appearance
 - JavaScript controls behavior and interactivity
 
It allows developers to build features such as:
- Dynamic page updates
 - Form validation
 - Modal pop-ups
 - Content sliders
 - API requests
 - Real-time notifications
 - Interactive animations
 
Brief History of JavaScript
- 1995: Created by Brendan Eich at Netscape as "Mocha"
 - Renamed to LiveScript, then finally to JavaScript
 - 1997: Became standardized by ECMA International (ECMAScript)
 - Modern JS (ES6+): Introduced major features like arrow functions, classes, modules, and promises
 
Where Is JavaScript Used?
- Client-Side (Browser): DOM manipulation, event handling, animations
 - Server-Side: Using platforms like Node.js
 - Mobile Apps: Via frameworks like React Native
 - Desktop Apps: Via Electron
 - Other Areas: Game development, IoT, machine learning, and more
 
Features of JavaScript
- Lightweight & Fast
 - Cross-platform (works across all browsers and OS)
 - Object-Oriented & Functional
 - Event-driven Programming
 - Asynchronous Programming with Promises and async/await
 - Huge ecosystem of libraries and frameworks (React, Angular, Vue, etc.)
 
Example: Simple Alert Box
When the button is clicked, JavaScript runs a function that shows an alert.
JavaScript vs Java – Are They Related?
Despite the name, JavaScript and Java are not the same:
- Java is a statically typed, compiled language.
 - JavaScript is a dynamically typed, interpreted language.
 - The name "JavaScript" was a marketing move during Java's popularity boom.
 
Key Takeaways
- JavaScript is essential for modern, interactive websites
 - Originally built for browsers, now used everywhere (frontend + backend)
 - It follows a multi-paradigm approach (OOP + functional)
 - ECMAScript standard ensures compatibility across browsers
 - Learning JavaScript lays the foundation for React, Node.js, and beyond