Introduction to DOM (Document Object Model)

Subject: JavaScript

The DOM (Document Object Model) is a programming interface provided by browsers that represents the structure of a web page as a tree of objects. It allows developers to access, modify, add, or remove HTML elements dynamically using JavaScript.

When a web page loads, the browser converts the HTML into a DOM that JavaScript can interact with.


What is the DOM?

  • The DOM represents the document (HTML or XML) as a tree structure.
  • Each HTML element is an object (node) in this tree.
  • JavaScript can read and change content, attributes, styles, and structure via the DOM.

Why is the DOM Important?

  • Enables dynamic content updates without page reload.
  • Allows interaction with elements (click, input, hover).
  • Forms the foundation for most JavaScript-based UI features.

DOM Hierarchy Example


Example: Accessing and Modifying DOM Elements


Example Explained

  • document.getElementById("title"): Accesses the <h1> element.
  • .textContent: Updates the text inside the element.

This demonstrates how JavaScript interacts with HTML using the DOM.


Key Takeaways

  • The DOM is the browser's internal representation of a webpage.
  • JavaScript can access and manipulate the DOM using built-in methods.
  • The DOM enables real-time updates and user interactivity.
  • DOM elements can be selected by ID, class, tag name, and more.
Next : DOM Methods